Mixture mitigates the effect of climate change on the provision of relevant ecosystem services in managed Pinus pinea L. forests

Forecasted scenarios of climate change are expected to result in a dramatic reduction the provision Ecosystem Services (ES) from forests. Increasing tree species diversity has been proposed as measure for adapting forests and warrantee services, since mixed forests, if compared with monospecific be more productive, resilient stable facing disturbances. In present work we use modelling approach order quantify different ES under scenarios, comparing pure Pinus pinea L. where grows accompanied by Quercus Juniperus species. To this aim first adapted existing individual level model PINEA2, originally constructed even-aged stands P. pinea, consider interspecific interactions acting second step used so forecasting – focusing on stocking, growth, yield, CO2 fixation, economic income structural current RCP 4.5 & 8.5. Our results indicate that although growth allometry trees is enhanced mixtures, effect currently counterbalanced occupying understorey, thus conditions little differences due composition observed ES. On other hand, our simulations point generalized decrease supply severe being mitigated at least part - which competitive most restrictive environmental conditions. As consequence, promotion mixtures under-planting and/or releasing pre-existing advanced regeneration complementary may postulated management concept these change.